La gestione del dolore in Pronto Soccorso: una indagine fenomenologica sul vissuto degli infermieri

Ricevuto: 29 ottobre 2023
Accettato: 2 dicembre 2023
Pubblicato: 20 dicembre 2023
Abstract Views: 417
PDF (English): 79
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Introduzione: il dolore è un fenomeno soggettivo, individuale e complesso. È la prima causa di accesso ai Dipartimenti di Emergenza di tutto il mondo. Una precoce gestione del dolore da parte dell’infermiere tramite l’utilizzo di protocolli ha esiti positivi sulla soddisfazione dei pazienti. L’obiettivo dello questo studio è analizzare la percezione degli infermieri di Pronto Soccorso circa il dolore dei pazienti adulti afferenti al servizio, evidenziando le barriere principali all’obiettività della valutazione e le modalità utilizzate per gestirlo, al fine di migliorare il corretto management del dolore.

Materiali e Metodi: il disegno di studio è di tipo qualitativo con analisi fenomenologica interpretativa attraverso la conduzione di interviste libere e narrative, strutturato secondo le indicazioni della checklist COREQ-32.

Risultati: sono stati intervistati 20 infermieri di Pronto Soccorso appartenenti a due aziende sanitarie della regione Veneto. Dalle interviste sono emersi sette temi principali: protocolli per la somministrazione di terapia, gestione del dolore nel bambino, procedure non farmacologiche, differenze tra pazienti con dolore acuto e cronico, caregiver e pazienti anziani o con deficit cognitivo, esperienze personali di dolore del personale sanitario, obiettività della valutazione infermieristica.

Conclusioni: dall’analisi delle interviste sono emersi fattori ostacolanti una ottimale gestione del dolore legati al contesto, come il sovraffollamento dei Pronto Soccorso, o a particolari categorie di pazienti di difficile gestione, come bambini o anziani con deficit cognitivi. Sono inoltre emerse esperienze positive, come l’utilità delle tecniche non farmacologiche e il ruolo partecipativo di familiari e caregiver, in particolare nella valutazione del dolore.

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Come citare

Lenza, C., Meggiato, L., Santuri, V., Vivona, L., Sebastiani, S., Samolsky Dekel, B. G., & Imbriaco, G. (2023). La gestione del dolore in Pronto Soccorso: una indagine fenomenologica sul vissuto degli infermieri. Scenario® - Il Nursing Nella Sopravvivenza, 40(4). https://doi.org/10.4081/scenario.2023.568