Articoli di revisione

Efficacia dei dispositivi di controllo automatico della FiO₂ in terapia intensiva neonatale: una revisione della letteratura

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Pubblicato: 26 agosto 2026
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Introduzione: l’insufficienza respiratoria nel neonato richiede frequentemente supporto con ossigenoterapia quale intervento fondamentale. L’utilizzo di elevate concentrazioni di ossigeno espone però il neonato ad elevato stress ossidativo ed allo sviluppo di numerose patologie croniche. L’articolo si propone di sintetizzare la letteratura scientifica sulla reale efficacia di strumenti di gestione automatica della FiO2 erogata, in particolare la reale efficacia di questa tecnologia di mantenere il paziente all’interno di target di saturazione predefiniti, riducendo i periodi di iperossia o ipossia.

Materiali e Metodi: è stata eseguita una revisione della letteratura attraverso le banche dati online di Medline per Pubmed, Cochrane Library e EBSCO per CINAHL, sono stati esclusi gli articoli che trattavano esiti diversi rispetto ai criteri di efficacia dell’obiettivo di ricerca, sono stati selezionati solo articoli in lingua inglese che fossero stati pubblicati negli ultimi 10 anni.

Risultati: dalla letteratura si evidenzia che l’utilizzo di dispositivi per la titolazione automatica della FiO2, nei neonati sottoposti ad ossigenoterapia, ha aumentato il tempo passato all’interno del target di saturazione impostato, riducendo i periodi di ipossia o iperossia.

Conclusioni: dalla revisione emerge l’efficacia dei dispositivi automatici (Closed-Loop Automated Oxygen Control, CLAC). Sono necessari ulteriori studi affinché venga individuato un range target ottimale di saturazione, in modo da poter guidare correttamente la pratica clinica nella somministrazione di ossigeno. Sebbene l’utilizzo di CLAC si sia dimostrato efficace nel mantenimento dei normali target di saturazione, sono necessari ulteriori studi di follow-up per dimostrare che l’utilizzo di CLAC sia realmente efficace per ridurre le patologie correlate ad iperossia.

 

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Citations

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Come citare



Efficacia dei dispositivi di controllo automatico della FiO₂ in terapia intensiva neonatale: una revisione della letteratura. (2026). Scenario® - Il Nursing Nella Sopravvivenza, 43(3). https://doi.org/10.4081/scenario.2026.643