https://doi.org/10.4081/scenario.2023.559
To what extent the implementation of the See-and-Treat model could it contribute to the management of emergency room overcrowding? A retrospective descriptive study
Published: 19 July 2023
Abstract Views: 1734
PDF (Italiano): 858
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Introduction: Overcrowding is the situation in which the normal functioning of the Emergency Room (ER) is limited by the disproportion between the health demand, represented by the number of patients waiting and being treated, and the available logistical, instrumental, and professional resources. This phenomenon generates negative consequences not only for patients but also for operators and for the system. The aim of the study is to evaluate the contribution that the implementation of the See and Treat model could offer in an ER with around 45,000 accesses per year.
Materials and Methods: Retrospective descriptive study. The accesses recorded in the ER of a second-level Department of Emergency and Acceptance – “S.Maria” di Terni – in 2018 were analyzed, and the percentage eligible for the See and Treat model was assessed according to the indications adopted by the Tuscany Region.
Results: In 2018 there were 41.646 accesses with exit diagnosis, of which 1,272 were in red code, 11,074 in yellow code, 25,129 in green code, and 4,175 in white code. 4846 cases were eligible for the See and Treat model, equal to 11.63% of total cases and 16.53% of "low priority" cases.
Discussion: The data obtained show that the See and Treat model could significantly contribute to the management of low priority in the ER, improving its functioning.
Conclusions: Minor emergencies account for most of the accesses to the ER. The presence of adequately trained nurses can contribute significantly to the management of minor emergencies in the ER, bringing benefits for both professionals and users. What emerged from the study can also contribute to developing the debate on the advanced skills of the nurse.
Bonetti M, Melani C. Il ruolo degli accessi impropri in pronto soccorso nella provincia autonoma di Bolzano. EpiCentro - L'epidemiologia per la sanità pubblica, 2019. (Ultimo accesso 14/04/2023). Disponibile presso: https://www.epicentro.iss.it/ben/2019/aprile/accessi-impropri-ps-bolzano
Bagaglia C, Polcri C. Il problema degli accessi “impropri” in Pronto soccorso: un’indagine antropologica. Scenario 2018;34:25-31.
Ministero della Salute. Linee di indirizzo nazionali per lo sviluppo del piano di gestione del sovraffollamento in pronto soccorso, 2019. (Ultimo accesso 14/04/2023). Disponibile presso: https://www.salute.gov.it/imgs/C_17_pubblicazioni_3143_allegato.pdf
Ferrari G, Destrebecq A, Terzoni S. Riammissioni in Pronto Soccorso: uno studio retrospettivo. Scenario 2019;36:5-11.
Righi L, Oliva G, Brogini S, Becattini G. Il See and Treat toscano: dal Pronto Soccorso alle case della salute. L’Infermiere 2017;4,10-13.
Savioli G, Ceresa IF, Gri N, et al. Emergency Department Overcrowding: Understanding the Factors to Find Corresponding Solutions. J Pers Med 2022;14;12:279.
Salway R, Valenzuela R, Shoenberger J, et al. Emergency Department (ED) overcrowding: Evidence-based answers to frequently asked questions. Rev Méd Clínica Las Condes 2017;28:213-9.
Lovato E, Minniti D, Giacometti M, et al. Il sovraffollamento nel dipartimento di emergenza: efficacia di una strategia multifattoriale isorisorse. Evidence 2013;5:e1000056.
Hoot NR, Aronsky DA. Systematic review of emergency department crowding: causes, effects, and solutions. Ann Emerg Med 2008;52:126-36.
Kenny JF, Chang BC, Hemmert KC. Factors Affecting Emergency Department Crowding. Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am 2020;38:573-87.
Quattrini V, Swan BA. Evaluating care in ED Fast Tracks. J. Emerg Nurs 2011;37:40-6.
Scott I, Vaughan L, Bell D. Effectiveness of acute medical units in hospitals: A systematic review. Int J Qual Health Care 2009;21:397-407.
Bartoloni M. I camici bianchi in piazza: medici e infermieri in fuga dai pronto soccorso e i morti raddoppiano. Il Sole 24 ore, 17 Nov 2022. (Ultimo accesso 14/04/2023). Disponibile presso: https://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/i-camici-bianchi-piazza-medici-e-infermieri-fuga-pronto-soccorso-e-morti-raddoppiano-AEyQXfHC?refresh_ce=1)
Regione Toscana. Delibera n. 958 del 17 dicembre 2007. Proposta di sperimentazione del modello “See and Treat” in Pronto Soccorso come modello di risposta assistenziale alle urgenze minori. Approvazione documento.
Radice C, Ghinaglia M, Doneda R, Bollini G. “See and Treat” in Pronto Soccorso: aspetti legali e responsabilità professionale infermieristica. Prof Inferm 2013;66:175-81.
Regione Toscana. Delibera n. 449 del 31 marzo 2010. Revisione del progetto di sperimentazione del modello “See and Treat” in Pronto Soccorso.
Ministero della salute. Linee di indirizzo nazionali sul triage intraospedaliero, 2019. (Ultimo accesso 12/04/2023). Disponibile presso: https://www.salute.gov.it/imgs/C_17_notizie_3849_listaFile_itemName_1_file.pdf
Rosselli A, Becattini G, Cappugi M, et al. See & Treat. Protocolli medico-infermieristici: la sperimentazione toscana nei pronto soccorso. Giunti Editore, 2012
World Medical Association. Dichiarazione di Helsinki Principi etici per la ricerca biomedica che coinvolge gli esseri umani. Evidence 2013;5:e1000059.
Righi L, Trapassi S, Ramacciani Isemann C, Becattini G. Risposta assistenziale alle urgenze minori in pronto soccorso: studio retrospettivo sui percorsi See and Treat nella zona senese della USL Toscana sud est. Scenario 2019;36:17-20.
Righi L, Lodola J, Ronchese F, Trapassi S. Le urgenze minori in pronto soccorso: analisi del percorso See and Treat all'interno del Presidio Ospedaliero Misericordia di Grosseto. L’Infermiere 2020;57:1-3.
Rogers T, Ross N, Spooner D. Evaluation of a 'See and Treat' pilot study introduced to an emergency department. Accid Emerg Nurs 2004;12:24-7.
Carter EJ, Pouch SM, Larson EL. The Relationship Between Emergency Department Crowding and Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review. J Nurs Sch 2014;46:106-115.
Hulse AL. A multidisciplinary learning approach: a narrative review. Br J Nurs 2022;31:364-70.
Booker MJ, Shaw AR, Purdy S. Why do patients with ‘primary care sensitive’ problems access ambulance services? A systematic mapping review of the literature. BMJ Open 2015;5:e007726.
Campagna S, Conti A, Dimonte V, et al. Emergency Department Visits Before, After and During Integrated Home Care: A Time Series Analyses in Italy. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022;11:3012-8.
Colombo A, Bassani G. Carenza di medici: ma per quale SSN? Dati, riflessioni e proposte dalla formazione. Igiene e Sanità Pubblica 2019;75:385-402.
How to Cite
Di Nardo, V., Caroli, G., Del Grande, A., & Di Nardo, L. (2023). To what extent the implementation of the See-and-Treat model could it contribute to the management of emergency room overcrowding? A retrospective descriptive study. Scenario® - Il Nursing Nella Sopravvivenza, 40(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/scenario.2023.559
Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Aniarti has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Valentina Di Silvio, Donato Viscio, Mara Marchetti, Daniele Messi, Anna Rita Lampisti, Alessandra Montini, Giulia Diambrini, Arianna Pasquaretta, Martina Michelini, Antonio Di Paola, Rosa Di Cicco, Martina Cocci, Michele Sbaffi, Andrea Giampaoletti, Maurizio Mercuri, Alessandra Belluccini, Paolo Antognini, Managing burn patients in the Emergency Department: a survey on nurses’ knowledge , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 40 No. 1 (2023)
- Catia Lenza, Lara Meggiato, Vittoria Santuri, Liliana Vivona, Stefano Sebastiani, Boaz Gedaliahu Samolsky Dekel, Guglielmo Imbriaco, Pain management in the Emergency Department: a phenomenological study on nurses’ experiences , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 40 No. 4 (2023)
- Lorenzo Righi, Stefano Trapassi, Christian Ramacciani Isemann, Giovanni Becattini, Giovanni Becattini, Risposta assistenziale alle urgenze minori in pronto soccorso: studio retrospettivo sui percorsi See and Treat nella zona senese della USL Toscana sud est , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 36 No. 3 (2019): Scenario 3 2019
- Federico Lattanzi, Betty Perticarini, Stefano Marcelli, Andrea Degano, Sara Leoperdi, Renato Rocchi, Evaluating nurses' knowledge in assisting stroke patients in emergency situations: a survey , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 41 No. 3 (2024)
- Flavio Gheri, Elisa Cavallini, Vittorio Bocciero, Handover between community emergency and emergency room nurses: observational investigation of current critical issues and knowledge of the standardized Situation Background Assessment Recommendation method , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 41 No. 2 (2024)
- Marina Maffeo, Martina Cortese, Luca Cecchi, Mirco Gregorini, Alessio Petronici, Daniele Ciofi, Helmet-CPAP use in pediatric wards: what is the knowledge of nurses? A survey , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 40 No. 2 (2023)
- Beatrice Persiani, Cecilia Cesari, Viola Tini, Stefano Trapassi, Moris Rosati, Francesco D’Ambrosio, Lorenzo Righi, Tools for assessing the risk of violence in the emergency room: a narrative review of the literature , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 40 No. 2 (2023)
- Carlotta Bagaglia, Chiara Polcri, Il problema degli accessi “impropri†in Pronto soccorso: un’indagine antropologica , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 34 No. 3 (2017): Scenario 3 2017
- Valeria D’Arrigo, Lorenzo Furcieri, Valentina Roberti, Sonia Lomuscio, Annalisa Alberti, John Tremamondo, Martino Trapani, Stefania Tinti, Nursing management of the patient undergoing ECMO: competences and treatment outcomes. A literature review , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 40 No. 3 (2023)
- Giulia Vainella, Gessica Angelini, Principles and tools of Lean Thinking for patient flow management in Emergency Rooms. A narrative review of literature , Scenario® - Il Nursing nella sopravvivenza: Vol. 41 No. 3 (2024)
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.