https://doi.org/10.4081/scenario.2024.611
From ICU to “I SEE YOU”: Introducing the family member in COVID-ICU
Submitted: 25 October 2024
Accepted: 31 January 2025
Published: 14 February 2025
Accepted: 31 January 2025
Abstract Views: 153
PDF: 32
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All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
The death rates in Intensive Care Units (ICU) caused by COVID-19 were 37.3%,1 creating traumatic outcomes in family members forced to detach from their relative, in their homes.2
Patient and Family Engagement in ICU has been defined as: “an active partnership between health professionals and patients and families working at every level of the healthcare system to improve health and the quality, safety, and delivery of healthcare.”3 Involving family members in a pandemic era in COVID-ICUs was a complex challenge, as a balance had to be struck between the five ethical principles of Family Centred Care's (FCC)4 and the safety of visitors and patients5 and thed increased burden of care of health professionals who worked in the COVID-ICUs6 which were to contain the fear of family members7 and support the family member to perform advanced activities such as donning/doffing of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).8 [...]
1. Chandel A, Leazer S, Alcover KC, et al. Intensive care and organ support related mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Explor 2023;5:e0876.
2. Amass T, Van Scoy LJ, Hua M, et al. Stress-related disorders of family members of patients admitted to the intensive care unit with COVID-19. JAMA Intern Med 2022;182:624-33.
3. Brown SM, Rozenblum R, Aboumatar H, et al. Defining patient and family engagement in the intensive care unit. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015;191:358-60.
4. Davidson JE, Aslakson RA, Long AC, et al. Guidelines for family-centered care in the neonatal, pediatric, and adult ICU. Crit Care Med 2017;45:103-28.
5. Chanchalani G, Arora N, Nasa P, et al. Visiting and communication policy in intensive care units during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey from South Asia and the Middle East. Indian J Crit Care Med 2022;26:268-75.
6. Castano-Garcia M, Granero-Molina J, Fernandez-Ferez A, et al. "Who takes care of carers?": experiences of intensive care unit nurses in the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2024;12:162.
7. Bartoli D, Trotta F, Pucciarelli G, et al. The lived experiences of family members who visit their relatives in Covid-19 intensive care unit for the first time: A phenomenological study. Heart Lung 2022;54:49-55.
8. Trotta F, Petrosino F, Pucciarelli G, et al. Reliability and validity of the training satisfaction questionnaire for family members (TSQ-FM) entering the ICU during an isolation disease outbreak. Heart Lung 2024;66:37-45.
9. Soleimani M, Fakhr-Movahedi A, Yarahmadi S. Family engagement in the care of infectious patients in intensive care units: A hybrid concept analysis. Nurs Open 2024;11:e2117.
10. Wendlandt B, Kime M, Carson S. The impact of family visitor restrictions on healthcare workers in the ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2022;68:103123.
11. Schwartz AC, Dunn SE, Simon HFM, et al. Making family-centered care for adults in the ICU a reality. Front Psychiatry 2022;13:837708.
12. Liu X, Humphris G, Luo A, et al. Family-clinician shared decision making in intensive care units: Cluster randomized trial in China. Patient Educ Couns 2022;105:1532-8.
13. Love Rhoads S, Trikalinos TA, Levy MM, Amass T. Intensive care based interventions to reduce family member stress disorders: a systematic review of the literature. J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures) 2022;8:145-55.
14. Vrettou CS, Mantziou V, Vassiliou AG, et al. Post-intensive care syndrome in survivors from critical illness including COVID-19 patients: a narrative review. Life (Basel) 2022;12.
15. Kentish-Barnes N, Meddick-Dyson S. A continuum of communication: family centred care at the end of life in the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 2023;49:444-6.
16. Galazzi A, Binda F, Gambazza S, et al. The end of life of patients with COVID-19 in intensive care unit and the stress level on their family members: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Crit Care 2023;28:133-40.
17. Fridh I, Forsberg A, Bergbom I. Family presence and environmental factors at the time of a patient's death in an ICU. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2007;51:395-401.
18. Pattison NA, White C, Lone NI. Bereavement in critical care: A narrative review and practice exploration of current provision of support services and future challenges. J Intensive Care Soc 2021;22:349-56.
19. Shirasaki K, Hifumi T, Nakanishi N, et al et al. Postintensive care syndrome family: A comprehensive review. Acute Med Surg 2024;11:e939.
20. Montauk TR, Kuhl EA. COVID-related family separation and trauma in the intensive care unit. Psychol Trauma 2020;12:S96-S7.
21. Bartoli D, Trotta F, Simeone S, et al. The lived experiences of family members of Covid-19 patients admitted to intensive care unit: A phenomenological study. Heart Lung 2021;50:926-32.
How to Cite
Bartoli, D., Trotta, F., Pucciarelli, G., & Petrosino, F. (2025). From ICU to “I SEE YOU”: Introducing the family member in COVID-ICU. Scenario® - Il Nursing Nella Sopravvivenza, 41(4). https://doi.org/10.4081/scenario.2024.611
Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s)
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