https://doi.org/10.4081/scenario.2021.500
The educational process during rehabilitation in the cardiac surgical patient. Narrative literature review
Accepted: 17 February 2022
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Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most important public health problems, being one of the main causes of morbidity, disability and mortality. In particular, cardiac surgery has a strong impact from a psycho-emotional point of view and in the person's approach to daily activities. It is therefore necessary to elaborate a pathway that actively involves the patient and that aims at satisfying his or her needs in order to guarantee a return home consistent with his or her expectations and potential. The aim of the study is to identify which are the best nursing strategies to recognise and satisfy the educational needs of the patient
cardiac surgeon in the rehabilitation phase and to describe which aspects should be considered as priorities in the educational approach of the person.
Materials and methods: A narrative review of the literature from March to August 2020 was conducted by consulting the PubMed and CINAHL databases. Twenty-three articles were included in the review.
Results: Three main themes were identified: nursing strategies to recognise educational needs, including interviewing and self-report questionnaires; nursing strategies to meet these needs, also involving the caregiver; and aspects to be taken into account in the caregiver’s educational approach, including age and gender.
Discussion: The results obtained emphasise how the rehabilitation phase and the education addressed to the nurse must also foresee the use of more strategies to identify the educational need, the active involvement of a caregiver but above all the drafting of a care plan that can be adherent to the expectations of the person and shared by the nursing teams in the various settings.
Conclusions: The literature found made it possible to answer the research questions that guided the drafting of the paper and highlighted how a continuum of care in the various care settings facilitates the person's resumption of daily life.
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